منابع مشابه
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Weather Programs
SUPPORTING RESEARCH: NASA'S SCIENCE MISSION DIRECTORATE (SMD). NASA transformed its organization in the summer of 2004, uniting the former Earth and Space Science Enterprises. The Science Mission Directorate will carry out the scientific exploration of the Earth, Moon, Mars and beyond; chart the best route of discovery; and reap the benefits of Earth and space exploration for society. A combine...
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Forecasting space weather events presents the ultimate challenge to a space physics model. Not only should physical constraints be satisfied, but also practical issues such as timeliness, accuracy, and reliability must be adequately addressed. To address these needs, modern space weather forecasters and users rely on a great variety of space weather models, ranging from simple regressions and e...
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An overview of historical and contemporary impacts of the solar and geospace environments on communications systems. Abstract In the last century and one-half, since the invention and deployment of the first electrical communication system – the electrical telegraph, the variety of communications technologies that can be affected by natural processes occurring on the Sun and in the space enviro...
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Ionospheric variability (space weather) significantly impacts ground and space-based communications. In essence, the electrically charged particles of the ionosphere (i.e., the partially ionized portion of the atmosphere starting at about 40 nautical miles (nm) above the Earth's surface) can attenuate, totally absorb, reflect, change direction of propagation, and change the phase and amplitude ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Space Weather
سال: 2013
ISSN: 1542-7390
DOI: 10.1002/swe.20067